REVIEW

Potential Contestants Of Plant Species In Rhizoremediation Process

The wild spectrum of plant species have potential natural remedies of the removal of the toxic components created by various process and ways were detoxify under rhyzoremediation process. The major toxic components are heavy metals like Cr, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, and As. Cr, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, and As, organic compounds, microplastics, pesticides, aromatic pollutants, and anthropogenic components are present in terrestrial and aquatic habitats, major threats to living organisms like plants, animals, and microbes. Roots are the primary contact to absorb these components in soils and water medium. A few plant species like Pteris vittata L., Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty, Panicum maximum Jacq., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Phalaris arundinacea L., Miscanthus giganteus J.M.Greef & Deuter ex Hodk. & Renvoize, Medicago sativa L., Pisum sativum L., Ricinus communis L., Trifolium alexandrinum L., and Salix alba L. have excellent rhizoabsorption capacity and detoxification by root absorption mechanisms. The heavy metals are very essential for the plant metabolic process, but at certain times their threshold concentration is beyond the tolerance limits. So these plant species keep their threshold limit within by rhizoremediation process. These plants intensely grow where there are high phytotoxicant chemicals present and gradually detoxify through the biomechanism in their plant body, consequently gradually reducing their intensity in the plant body as well as in the environment. More insight is needed to elucidate the precious mechanism and other microbial flora involved in this novel cleaning process in the nature.